Track 1-Tissue Repair and Regeneration

Tissue repair denotes to the spare of damaged tissue via dwelling tissue and contains two important components - Regeneration and restore. The differentiation between the two is based totally at the resultant tissue. In Regeneration, specialized tissues are replaced by the proliferation of surrounding undamaged specialized cells. In repair, misplaced tissue is replaced by granulation tissue which matures to form scar tissue. Cells are constantly dying to be able to keep us alive. The stomach creates a new lining every five days(If the stomach linings will not changed into new usually then, hydrochloric acid from the stomach juices would burn a hole inside the stomach, which might soon purpose death). Skin replaces itself every 30 days. The red blood cells have an existence span of one hundred twenty days, and must then be replaced. Each of the distinctive tissues of the frame has its personal natural lifestyles cycle. it's far the goal of regeneration remedy to stimulate the process of self-renewal.

Track 2-Stem cell in Tissue Repair      

Stem cells are defined as being clonogenic, having self-renewal capacity throughout the lifetime and giving rise to terminally differentiated cells of various cell lineages. Their differentiation pathway is unidirectional, passing through the stage of lineage and finally generating differentiated cells. Adult stem cell differentiation is traditionally believed to be restricted to the tissue in which the stem cells reside ( hematopoietic stem cells generate blood cells, liver progenitor cells produce hepatocytes and ). Hematopoietic stem cells are the most thoroughly characterized adult progenitor cells, mostly because of their easy accessibility and use for transplantation to treat malignant disease.

Track 3 -Tissue culture and Preservation

 Appropriately preserved stem cells can be later used in the field of regenerative medicine for treating congenital disorders, heart defects etc. Cryopreservation of ovarian tissue would have many benefits for infertility treatment. A direct application of such a technique would be in overcoming infertility in cancer patients rendered infertile by harmful treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy which indiscriminately destroy diseased as well as healthy cells. The ability to cryopreserve preimplantation embryos from both animal and human sources has helped to overcome some of the practical concerns.

Track 4-Cell and Organ regeneration

Evolving evidence suggests that bone marrow-derived endothelial, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells contribute to tissue vascularization during both embryonic and physiological processes. Recent preclinical and pioneering clinical studies have shown that introduction of bone marrow-derived endothelial and hematopoietic progenitors can restore tissue vascularization after ischemic events in limbs, retina, and myocardium. Co conscription of an incompetent hematopoietic cells delivering specific angiogenic factors enables the combination of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) into newly sprouting blood vessels. Identification of cellular mediators and tissue-specific chemokines, which facilitate selective recruitment of bone marrow-derived stem and progenitor cells to specific organs will open up new avenues of research to accelerate organ vascularization and regeneration. As well, identification of factors that promote differentiation of the progenitor cells will permit functional incorporation into neo-vessels of specific tissues while diminishing potential toxicity to other organs. In this review, we deliberate the clinical potential of vascular progenitor and stem cells to restore long-lasting organ vascularization and function.

Track 5-Application of Tissue engineering

Tissue Engineering is addressed to create functional tissues which include cells, scaffolds, and bioactive molecules. It is the development of biological substitutes that maintains, improves or restores tissue functions resulting in sidestepping the problems associated with tissue damage. In the present, it is treated with transplants, mechanical devices or surgical reconstructions, these three medical therapies have saved and improved countless patients lives with few associated problems. For example, transplantation in organs shows limitations such as transplant rejections and lack of donor to cover all the worldwide demand. Mechanical devices are not capable of accomplishing all the functions related to the tissue and also the prevention of progressive deterioration in patients.  Thus it has informed that Tissue Engineering arises from the need to provide more definitive solutions to tissue repairs.

Track 6-Biomaterials in Tissue engineering

Biomaterials, an engineered material used to make gadgets to supplant some portion of a living framework or to work in suggest contact with living tissue. The study of biomedical materials includes an investigation of the piece and properties of materials and the manner by which they associate with nature in which they are set. The most widely recognized classes of materials utilized as biomedical materials are polymers, metals, and earthenware production. These three classes are utilized separately and in the blend to frame the greater part of the implantation gadgets accessible today.

Track 7- Regenerative Medicine

Regenerative pharmaceutical goes for helping the body to shape new tissue to replace lost ones.  This will give curative treatment to conditions where current treatments are lacking. The human body has an endogenous arrangement of recovery through foundational microorganisms, where undeveloped cells are discovered nearly in every kind of tissue. The thought is that upgrading of capacity is best proficient by these cells. Regenerative prescription involves the utilization of tissue designing and undifferentiated organism innovation. This audit isn't intended to be thorough, however, means to feature present and future utilization of undifferentiated cells in this energizing new train. Recovering ischaemic coronary illness can be accomplished by conveying society extended MSCs into the coronary supply routes or straightforwardly into the myocardium to grow the endogenousre generative pool.

Track 8-Regeneration and Therapeutics

Stem cell-based therapy has been studied to achieve an alternative to current solutions offered by modern medicine. The use of adult stem cells focused on for regeneration. This unique population of multipotential cells has been isolated from various sources, including bone marrow, adipose, and muscle tissues. Genetic engineering of adult stem cells has led to repair and rapid formation in vivo. It is hypothesized that these genetically modified cells exert both autocrine and paracrine effects on host stem cells, leading to an effect. The use of direct gene delivery has also shown much promise for in vivo repair. Several viral and nonviral methods have been used to achieve substantial bone tissue formation in various sites in animal models. To advance these platforms to the clinical setting, it will be mandatory to overcome specific hurdles, such as control over transgene expression, viral vector toxicity, and prolonged culture periods of therapeutic stem cells. This review covers the prospect of cell and gene therapy for repair.

Track 9-Tissue Banking

Tissue banking is the activity of processing, storage, and distribution of transplantable human tissues. Tissues retrieved from the human body are used to repair and or replace the diseased or lost tissues of living human body and have saved many precious lives. The common tissues used are cornea, skin, bones, cartilage, joints, heart valves, fascia, tendons, and from a human cadaver.

Track 10- Stem cell Therapy

Stem cell therapy is the use of stem cells to treat disease. Bone marrow transplantation is the most used stem-cell therapy, but some therapies derived from Umbilical cord blood are also in use. Research is proceeding to develop various sources for stem cells and to put on stem-cell treatments for Neurogenerative disease and conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, and other conditions. Stem-cell therapy has become controversial following developments such as the ability of scientists to isolate and culture embryonic stem cell to create stem cells using somatic nuclear transfer and their use of techniques to create Induced pluripotent stem cell.

Track 11-Biological Tissue Substitute

The repair or replacement of damaged skins is still an important, challenging problem. Immune acceptance and long-term existence of skin grafts represent the major problem to overawed in grafting given that in most situations autografts cannot be used. The rise of artificial skin substitutes provides alternate treatment with the ability to diminish the dependency on the growing demand of cadaver skin grafts. Over the years, considerable research efforts have focused on strategies for skin repair or permanent skin graft transplantations. Accessible skin substitutes include pre- or post-transplantation treatments of donor cells, stem cell-based therapies, and skin counterparts composed of bio-engineered cellular skin substitutes. However, skin substitutes are still prone to immunological rejection, and as such, there is currently no skin substitute available to overcome this phenomenon. This emphasis on the mechanisms of skin rejection and tolerance induction and outlines in detail current available tactics and alternatives that may allow achieving full-thickness skin replacement and repair.

Track 12-Cellular basis of Tissue Repair

The cellular and molecular basis of trans differentiation will allow reprogramming cells for transplantation. This approach will complement the use of embryonic and adult stem cells in the treatment of degenerative disorders.

Track 13-Growth factors for Healing

These are protein molecule comprehensive by the body, it practicalities to control cell division . It can also be designed by genetic engineering in the laboratory and used in biological therapy. Growth factors fix to receptors on the cell surface, with the result of activating cellular proliferation and differentiation. Those growth factors are proteins that will help the cell to growth and  proper  function as growth stimulators  and growth inhibitors, stimulate cell migration, act as chemotactic agents, inhibit cell migration, inhibit invasion of tumor cells, modulate differentiated functions of cells, involved in apoptosis, involved in angiogenesis and promote survival of cells without impelling expansion and differentiation.

Track 14- Bone Tissue Engineering

Tissue building has gone to the fore as of late with new methodologies for once more skeletal tissue development trying to address the neglected requirement for bone expansion and skeletal repair. These methodologies try to bridle undifferentiated cells, imaginative platforms and organic components to make, in a perfect world, vigorous, reproducible and upgraded bone development procedures to enhance the personal satisfaction for a maturing populace.  Improvements in bone tissue building and recovery, concentrating on skeletal immature microorganisms, vascular advancement, and bone development.

Track 15-Regeneration Rehabilitation

 Regenerative rehabilitation is the values as of rehabilitation and regenerative medicine, with the ultimate goal of developing innovative and operative methods that promote the restoration of function through tissue regeneration and repair. In order to provide an optimal microenvironment for healing tissues, physical therapists use directed therapy to maximize the productivity of the body's innate healing processes. Rehabilitation coupled with regenerative medicine surgeries has shown improved outcomes for tissue regeneration. With innovative findings from medical researchers in tissue engineering and cellular therapies, physical therapists play an important role in translating these findings.